While no abbreviations appear without first being spelled out in full, here is a list of abbreviations that appear in the text.

ATV = All Terrain Vehicle
IBA = Important Bird Area
MN DNR = Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
MN DOT = Minnesota Department of Transportation
MOU = Minnesota Ornithologists’ Union
NWR = National Wildlife Refuge
RBA = Rare Bird Alert
SNA = Scientific and Natural Area
USFWS = United States Fish and Wildlife Service
WMA = Wildlife Management Area

I. Birders must act in ways that do not endanger the welfare of birds or other wildlife.

• Observe and photograph birds without knowingly disturbing them in any significant way.
• Avoid chasing or repeatedly flushing birds.
• Use recordings and similar methods of attracting birds sparingly.
• Keep an appropriate distance from nest and nesting colonies.
• Refrain from handling birds or eggs unless engaged in recognized research activities.

II. Birders should do their best to not cause harm to the natural environment.

• Whenever possible, stay on existing roads, trails and pathways to avoid disturbing fragile habitat. Leave all habitat as found.

III. Birders must always respect the right of others.

• Respect the privacy and property of others by observing “No Trespassing” signs and by asking permission to enter private or posted lands.
• Observe all laws and the rules and regulations which govern public use of birding areas.
• Practice common courtesy in contact with others. For example, limit requests for information, and make them at reasonable hours of the day.
• Always behave in a manner that will enhance the image of the birding community in the eyes of the public.